eliminating microwave and RF sources. Frequency Fields (RF) and Microwave Radiation on human health" by the Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE) from 2001, with respect . The potential mechanisms underlying these damaging effects range from gene expression alterations in the respiratory chain, membrane damage, Ca2+ overloading, and DNA impairment [122,123,124,125,126,127,128]. Suhhova et al. Sci Total Environ. 2000;11:16413. [85] found that protein levels were reduced in rat brains following microwave radiation, which may have been caused by the excessive consumption or a reduction of the synthesis of proteins, and reduced protein synthesis can be caused by the following processes: (1) excessive activation of RNA enzymes; (2) mRNA consumption or the formation and maturation of RNA enzymes. Verma et al. Describes the health effects on six men exposed to high levels of RF radiation (100 MHz) while working on transmission masts. Schz J, Jacobsen R, Olsen JH, Boice JD, McLaughlin JK, Johansen C. Cellular telephone use and cancer risk: update of a nationwide Danish cohort. 2002;5:18995. Baer C, Claus R, Plass C. Genome-wide epigenetic regulation of miRNAs in cancer. Moreover, the risk of developing Alzheimers disease is 3040% lower in people who use a mobile phone for more than 10years than in other individuals [35]. Reduction of Phosphorylated Synapsin I (Ser-553) leads to spatial memory impairment by attenuating GABA release after microwave exposure in Wistar rats. statement and Antimicrob Agents Chemother. Gene. PubMed 2014;9:e95503. PubMed Those who are accustomed to using their mobile phone ipsilaterally presented a probability that was twice that of people who dont [5,6,7]. Lai et al. 1994;8:714. The study also showed that exposure to GSM microwaves at 915MHz did not induce detectable DNA double-strand breaks but affected the expression of genes in rat brain cells. Physiol Behav. Article J Radiat Proc. Effect of mobile radiation on health ppt . This damage plays a key role in the structural and functional changes that are accelerated by neuronal degeneration. 2015;36:4804. 1992;49:1818. Oto R, Akda Z, Dada S, Celik Y. Then that poisonous acid harms the kidneys and nervous system. J Neurosci. J Neurosci Methods. Nature. 1992;6:379. Joubert V, Bourthoumieu S, Leveque P, Yardin C. Apoptosis is induced by radiofrequency fields through the caspase-independent mitochondrial pathway in cortical neurons. Bad impacts a microwave has on our daily lives. 2012;3:3440. 2011;18:32533. 2011;35:36978. Xu S, Ning W, Xu Z, Zhou S, Chiang H, Luo J. Subsequently, significantly more DNA damage was observed in the exposed groups than in the sham group, and their study also indicated that oxidative stress and inflammation caused DNA damage in response to low-intensity microwave exposure. When nerve endings are excited, the vesicles release their contents into the synaptic cleft, resulting in synaptic transmission. Wang et al. 2014;90:2935. Synaptic plasticity is a special function of synapses, which play an important role in learning and memory processes [46], including structural and functional plasticity. J Clin Oncol. CAS Neuroreport. Singh S, Mani KV, Kapoor N. Effect of occupational EMF exposure from radar at two different frequency bands on plasma melatonin and serotonin levels. Google Scholar. Xu et al. Quantitation, regional vulnerability, and kinetic modeling of brain glucose metabolism in mild Alzheimers disease. Effects of isothermal 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the mammalian cell Ci ihff fihl2MHdifdi i Bi l h. C Spr '05 Inan, OT Thermal effects of RF he above diagram depicts the electric field alternations, at a frequency f, of the Koivisto M, Krause CM, Revonsuo A, Laine M, Hmlinen H. The effects of electromagnetic field emitted by GSM phones on working memory. Othman et al. In summary, there is evidence that microwave radiation can lead to alterations in protein synthesis or protein modifications; however, the results are controversial. Pathophysiology. In the probe test, the exposed group could not locate the platform and exhibited a significantly higher mean latency (i.e., 3-fold higher) to reach the target quadrant, and they spent only half the time that the controls spent in the target quadrant. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;397:2239. Sanders AP, Joines WT. Bull Exp Biol Med. Int J Radiat Biol. Maternal exposure to Wi-Fi radio frequencies led to various adverse neurological effects in the offspring. To determine the specific dose-effect relationship between microwave radiation and its biological effects, more intensive studies must be performed. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. Google Scholar. Furukawa H, Singh SK, Mancusso R, Gouaux E. Subunit arrangement and function in NMDA receptors. 2013;34:26474. Google Scholar. Cite this article. Calabr E, Condello S, Curr M, Ferlazzo N, Caccamo D, Magaz S, et al. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. 2005;25:10190201. 2003;140:147. 1984;5:6370. Additionally, Larjabaara et al. 2002;64:31353. Synapse. The final apoptosis score in the exposed group was significantly reduced, and the total antioxidant capacity and catalysis observed in the experimental group was increased. Lai H, Horita A, Guy AW. 2002;13:11921. Acta Neurol Belg. 2003;80:194210. Merola P, Marino C, Lovisolo G, Pinto R, Laconi C, Negroni A. Neuroreport. J Natl Cancer Inst. Mol Neurobiol. J Natl Cancer Inst. Szmigielski [23] collected retrospective data for Polish soldiers over 15years and showed that the prevalence of brain cancer was higher in each age group. Gibson GE, Jope R, Blass J. Kumar M, Singh SP, Chaturvedi CM. Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in vivo and is characterized by a biochemical state that tends toward oxidization, including the formation of oxygen free radicals (i.e., ROS) and nitrogen radicals reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which play major roles in oxidation. 2005;1042:1018. Bioelectromagnetics. Regional changes in brain glucose metabolism reflect cognitive impairments in aged rats. fMicrowave Radiation Comes From Many Sources, Including: Cell phones. Cookies policy. 1 GHz and 300 GHz. Does MW radiation affect gene expression, apoptotic level, and cell cycle progression of human sh-sy5y neuroblastoma cells? Abe M, Bonini NM. The authors found that 2.4GHz microwave radiation reduced the expression of some miRNAs such as miR-106b-5p and miR-107 [98]. Krylova I, Dukhanin A, Il'in A, Kuznetsova EY, Balaeva N, Shimanovskii N, et al. Cordless phone radiation effect flows in a human body same way in the mobile phone [13]. 2005;22:32931. Resting state cortical EEG rhythms in Alzheimer's disease: toward EEG markers for clinical applications: a review. Acetylcholine: cognitive and brain functions. Frei P, Poulsen AH, Johansen C, Olsen JH, Steding-Jessen M, Schz J. The increase in M1 receptor gene expression along with the impairment of novel preferences in Wi-Fi-exposed animals may suggest a possible role of the cholinergic system in the detrimental effects of Wi-Fi radiation on multisensory integration [100]. Effect of 900 MHz radio frequency radiation on beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde in the brain. Muscat JE, Malkin MG, Thompson S, Shore RE, Stellman SD, McRee D, et al. Clinics. Koivisto M, Revonsuo A, Krause C, Haarala C, Sillanmki L, Laine M, et al. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. static fields, health effects, human health, environmental effects, SCENIHR, Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks Opinion to be cited as: The Morris water maze has been widely used in neurobehavioral tests [36]. The results suggested that chronic non-modulated, but not modulated, microwave radiation may cause anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors and calcium- and NO-related biochemical changes in the brain [77]. Microwaves can influence mitochondria by damaging their structure [45], reducing ATP levels and affecting the activity of relevant enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome coxidase (COX) [119,120,121]. Reactive oxygen species levels and DNA fragmentation on astrocytes in primary culture after acute exposure to low intensity microwave electromagnetic field. Mortazavi et al. 1 of 41 Harmful effects of microwaves on living beings Oct. 04, 2015 4 likes 4,519 views Download Now Download to read offline Environment The presentation proves beyond any doubt, the harmful affects of microwaves and radio frequency waves on humans and other living beings Padmanabhan Krishnan Follow Dr. PubMed Central An increase in anxiety-related behaviors and a decrease in depression-related behavior were observed in both female and male offspring. It has been reported that microwave radiation can decrease both the number and the density of dendritic spines [63]. In addition, another study showed that significant psychiatric symptoms were observed in people who worked in these areas. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) is a tetramer composed of two NR1 and two NR2 subunits or two NR3 subunits that perform the functions of NMDAR [69, 70], and NMDAR plays key roles in synapse development, synaptic plasticity and neurological diseases. Myung SK, Ju W, McDonnell DD, Lee YJ, Kazinets G, Cheng CT, et al. Symptoms included headache, paresthesia, diarrhea, malaise and lassitude. LTP induction involves a signal transduction cascade that includes the release of glutamate from synaptic vesicles, activation of NMDAR at postsynaptic membranes, entry of Ca2+, and activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) II, IV and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) [71]. Caubet R, Pedarros-Caubet F, Chu M, Freye E, de Belem RM, Moreau J, et al. This phenomenon may be explained by the varied radiation dosage adopted in these studies. 2013;23:306. Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;22:9927. The results indicated that repeated low-level exposure to extremely low frequency microwaves affects brain functioning and provide an additional approach to analyzing the underlying mechanisms. For example, it can shorten reaction times so that people can better cope with danger. The acute effects of exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones on human attention. Biological effects of 2450 MHz microwave combined with -rays on rat cultured gliacytes. Behav Brain Res. Cassel JC, Cosquer B, Galani R, Kuster N. Whole-body exposure to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic fields does not alter radial-maze performance in rats. Li HJ, Peng RY, Wang CZ, Qiao SM, Yong Z, Gao YB, et al. Eliyahu I, Luria R, Hareuveny R, Margaliot M, Meiran N, Shani G. Effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted by cellular telephones on the cognitive functions of humans. Wang et al. Raised glucose levels enhance scopolamine-induced acetylcholine overflow from the hippocampus: an in vivo microdialysis study in the rat. PubMed Central Is nuclear respiratory factor 2 a master transcriptional coordinator for all ten nuclear-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunits in neurons? [103] found that microwave radiation caused DNA single-strand and double-strand breaks in vivo in populations submitted to occupational exposure, and the incidence of micronuclei in lymphocytes was significantly increased. . Stahlhut Espinosa CE, Slack FJ. PubMed In long-term epidemiological investigations of large population with occupational exposure, the results have not been consistent. Cancer in radar technicians exposed to radiofrequency/microwave radiation: sentinel episodes. Zhang Y, Li Z, Gao Y. This effect is similar to the decrease observed in NR2B in rats. Decreased expression of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes of oxidative phosphorylation in association neocortex in Alzheimer disease. Article Dasdag et al. GSM mobile phone radiation suppresses brain glucose metabolism. Choeiri C, Staines W, Miki T, Seino S, Messier C. Glucose transporter plasticity during memory processing. 2006;98:170713. One reason for this difference may be that the water maze experiment is driven by aversion, whereas the arm maze experiment is driven by appetite. . Wang L, Hu X, Peng R. Influence of long-term microwave radiation on contents of amino acids and monoamines in urine of Wistar rats. CAS It is widely accepted that protein synthesis occurs in neuronal dendrites and may be the cellular basis of learning and memory, during which local protein synthesis and synaptic plasticity are closely linked to the efficiency of communication between neurons. The role of microRNAs in cancer.