4,000 Hours of Classroom andLaboratory Instruction-An applicant for licensure must graduate from an approved college of chiropractic, with successful completion of not less than the minimum number of hours of classroom and laboratory instruction required by regulation of the board, which minimum shall be at least 4,000 hours. (8) A chiropractor may earn a maximum of twelve hours for: (a) Completing a multimedia chiropractic education program, which includes, but is not limited to, the internet, teleseminars, employer led training, and audio or video presentations. + 2 Board mandated topic hours. Some states only allow less than 25% of chiropractic continuing education classes to be done online. 4. (how to identify a Oregon.gov website) GENERAL BILL by Gruters Continuing Chiropractic Education; Deleting a requirement that all chiropractic continuing education be completed in a classroom setting; prohibiting the Board of Chiropractic Medicine from limiting the number of hours of continuing education a chiropractic physician may complete through distance learning; authorizing the . TheWiseDC.com online Chiropractic continuing education courses were created by Dr. Louis Camilli to facilitate the continuing education process for the Doctor of . Out of the 24 hours, 3 hours must be in sexual boundaries training, 2 hours must be in AIDS awareness/risk prevention, and if 6 hours acupuncture required if certified. (1) A chiropractor must demonstrate completion of twenty-five hours of continuing education each annual renewal cycle as required by RCW 18.25.070 and chapter 246-12 WAC, Part 7. Above, please find a listing of all the states that allow all or some of the required chiropractic CE hours to be obtained online. (5) The commission approves the following subject material within the scope of practice for continuing chiropractic education credit: (a) Diagnosis and treatment of the spine or extremity articulations within the scope of practice; (k) Patient/case management, documentation, coding; (l) Impairment within the scope of practice; (m) CPR (not to exceed a total of four hours); (p) Governmental regulations relevant to chiropractic and public health (not to exceed a total of twelve hours). A chiropractor may receive credit on the same basis as those attending the program. Chiropractic Continuing Education Courses Wilson, DC)Pediatrics 206: Pediatric Infant Palpation (Heather Bryce, BSEE, MSEE, DC, BS, MBA)Pediatrics 207: Pregnancy & Chiropractic (Part I) (T.D. For more information, please visit the board website at:https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/chi/Pages/default.aspx, New Mexico licensees are required to complete16 Chiropractic Continuing Education Hours annually for license renewal. If in-person conferences or classes have been cancelled or postponed, there are online resources available to be able to fulfill those requirements. Disclaimer: The information on this system is unverified. State requirements vary, but most states allow online chiropractic continuing education. Simply follow the steps below and you are on the way to getting those Chiropractic credits finished! Special Requirements: New York requires that 12 of the 36 required hours be in the following subjects (Category One): patient communications, record keeping, and matters of law. (b) The hours spent completing a training program in suicide screening and referral under this section count toward meeting any applicable continuing education requirements. To contact the Board with general or application questions or assistance related to your license, application and/or for any technical support pertaining to the PA Licensing System known as PALS, please reference the link below. In addition you may request them by phone 518-474-3817 ext. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the UnitedStates. 3) You may choose from our pre-made custom bundles. They will indicate your response deadline, and whether you shouldemail, fax, or send by US mail. Keystone State. Only 6 out of the 24 hours may be obtained through distance learning. Check to see if online continuing education credits are accepted by your state board by clicking on the "courses by state catalog" menu for the approved courses listings. New York Chiropractic Continuing Education Requirements: Texas Chiropractic College Postgraduate Education Department, 03/07/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Adjusting and Manual Therapy 306: Hip, Thigh and Knee, 03/14/2023 Rehab 317: Active Considerations in Postural and Spinal Rehabilitation, 03/21/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Ethics 301 (Approved for required Texas hours), 03/23/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Documentation & Risk Management 301 (Approved For Texas Required Hours), 03/28/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Geriatrics 303: Lower Extremity Osteoarthritis, 04/11/2023 7 - 9 PM CT: Athletic Injuries 213: Dehydration: "Killer On The Sidelines", 04/20/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Documentation & Risk Management 301 (Approved For Texas Required Hours), 04/28/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Neurology 358: Dizziness Current Updates and Literature Review, 05/09/2023 Adjusting & Manual Therapy 306: Thoracic Spine and Rib Cage, 05/16/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Ethics 301 ( Approved For Texas Required Hours), 05/18/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Documentation & Risk Management 301, 05/23/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Whiplash Associated Disorders 307 (WAD): Updates From The Literature II, 05/30/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Neurology 359: Movement Disorders, 06/13/2023 Geriatrics 304: Upper Extremity Osteoarthritis, 06/20/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Ethics 301 (Approved for required Texas hours), 06/22/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Documentation & Risk Management 301 (Approved For Texas Required Hours), 06/27/2023 7 - 9 PM CT Pediatrics 314: Pearls for the Practicing Chiropractor, Bullet Proof Documentation 201: Intake & History, Bullet Proof Documentation 202: Pain Diagrams & Outcome Assessment Tools, Bullet Proof Documentation 203: Outcome Assessment Applications, Bullet Proof Documentation 204: Quantification of Examination Data, Bullet Proof Documentation 205: Documenting Treatment, Bullet Proof Documentation 206: Documenting The Treatment Plan, Bullet Proof Documentation 207: Documenting The Daily Treatment Notes, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 201: The Head I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 202 & 205 (Cervical & Lumbar Spine), Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 202: The Cervical Spine I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 203: The Upper Extremities I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 204: Thorax Conditions I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 205: The Lumbar Spine I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 206: The Lower Extremities I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 207: The Head II, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 208: The Cervical Spine II, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 209-A: The Upper Extremities II Part I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 209-B: Upper Extremities II Part II, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 210-A: The Thorax II Part I, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 210-B: The Thorax II Part II, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 211: Lumbar Spine Conditions II, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 212: Lower Extremity Conditions II, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 213: Headache Management and Diagnosis Made Easy, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 214: Using Anatomy and Diagnoses to Manage the Shoulder, Case Studies & Clinical Pearls 215: Case Studies Related to the TMJ, Coding & Documentation 201 ***FREE ONLINE CHIROPRACTIC COURSE***, Coding & Documentation 202: Medicare & Insurance, Coding & Documentation 203: Personal & Work Injury, Coding & Documentation 204: Personal Injury, Coding & Documentation 206: ICD-10 for Chiropractic Practice (Part I), Coding & Documentation 207: ICD-10 for Chiropractic Practice (Part II), Ethics 201: Ethics & Professional Boundaries, Evidence Based Practice 201: The Patient Evaluation, Evidence Based Practice 202: Documenting Clinical Outcomes, Evidence Based Practice 203: Imaging in Clinical Practice I, Evidence Based Practice 204: Imaging in Clinical Practice II, Evidence Based Practice 205: Modes of Care, Evidence Based Practice 206: Collaborative Care for the Upper Extremities, Evidence Based Practice 207: Collaborative Care for the Lower Extremities, Neurology 201: Chiropractic Clinical Considerations of the Myelopathic Patient, Neurology 202: Chiropractic Considerations of Pain on the Central Nervous System, Neurology 204: Functional Neurology Clinical Aspects of the Pyramidal Man, Neurology 205: Functional Neurology and the Frontal Lobes, Neurology 206: Functional Neurology Clinical Aspects of the Cerebellum, Neurology 207: Exploring the Vestibular System, Neurology 208: Vital Signs - A Fresh Look at an Old Standard, Neurology 209: Guzay's Theorem and the Jade Pillow - Chiropractic and Functional Neurology, Neurology 210: Clinical Cases, Chiropractic, and Functional Neurology, Neurology 211: Reflexes - Consideration for Clinical Applications, Neurology 213: Neurology Tests for the Practicing Chiropractor, Neurology 215: Dopamine - It's Not Just For Pleasure, Neurology 216: Is Fitness Important to Health, Neurology 217: The Concussed Teen and Return to Learn, Neurology 218: Tone Current Perspectives on an Old Term. This web site contains PDF documents that require the most current version of Adobe Reader to view. Companion bills that are identical word-for-word, not including titles. Important Notice Register Here This document is designed to respond to frequently . (Michael Hall, DC, FIACN )Neurology 221: Brain Rules for Babies (Michael Hall, DC, FIACN )Neurology 222: Review of the Somatosensory Examination (Michael Hall, DC, FIACN )Neurology 223: Myths of the Brain (Michael Hall, DC, FIACN )Neurology 224: Outcome Assessments and a Neurologic Perspective (Michael Hall, DC, FIACN )Neurology 225: Current Perspectives of Sleep Posture (Michael Hall, DC, FIACN )Nutrition 201: The Effects of Diet and Nutritional Supplements on Inflammation and Repair (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 202: Nutritional Management of Arthritic Disease (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 203: Nutritional Management of Headaches (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 204: Introduction to Stress (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 205: Detoxification (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 206: Management of Neuropathy (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 207: Microbiota and the Musculoskeletal System (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 208: Detoxification II (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 209: Nutrition and the Immune System (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 210: Unclogging the Fat Story; Does Fat Even Matter (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 211: The Brain Game - How Nutrition Impacts Brain Function, Mood, and Aging (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 212:The Brain Game II - How Food Impacts Brain Function, Mood, and Aging (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 213: An Integrative Approach to Gastrointestinal Disease (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 214: An Integrative Approach to Gastrointestinal Disease II (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 215: Antioxidants in Health and Disease (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 216: Antioxidants in Health and Disease II (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 217: Endocrine Disruptors in Health & Disease (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 218: Nutrition and Mood (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 219: Nutrition and Mood II (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 220: Management of Autoimmune Disorders - A Look at Rheumatoid Arthritis (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 221: The Gut/Brain Connection (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 222: Hormones and Thyroid Function (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 223: Assessing Hormones in Clinical Practice I (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 224: Assessing Hormones in Clinical Practice II (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 225: Functional Medicine Testing for GI Disturbances (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 226: Women's Health Issues - Focus on Menopause and Estrogen and the Relationship to the Musculoskeletal System (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 227: Vitamin D and Musculoskeletal Health (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 228: Dealing with Fatigue in Clinical Practice (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 229: Nutritional Management of Sports Injuries (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 230: A Primer on the Role of Diet and Chronic Disease (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Nutrition 231: Womens Health Issues and the Musculoskeletal System (Howard Benedikt, DC, DCBCN)Pediatrics 201: Introduction to Chiropractic Pediatrics (T.D. (d) Other formal documentation which includes: (vii) Signature of the program sponsor or course instructor. These steps typically include undergoing a criminal background check, passing a state-level exam on the state's scope of practice limitations, and submitting a list of personal references. For more information, visit the board website at:https://ncchiroboard.com/, Chiropractic licensees are required to complete20 Hours of Chiropractic Continuing Educationfor license renewal. which must include maintenance of BLS/CPR/AED certification. . All of our courses are "Finish At Your Own Pace", so if you can't complete the material right away, you can always come back to it later. Out of the 36 hours, 2 hours must be in South Carolina Rules & Regulations and 2 hours must be in risk management. Licensees who practice acupuncture must complete 10 hours in acupuncture. To maintain licensure, doctors of chiropractic are required (in all states but one) to earn continuing education units each year. When logged in, as long as your chiropractic licenses are entered on your account, each course is clearly identified as being approved or not approved. For more information, please visit the board website at:https://dopl.utah.gov/chiro/index.html, Vermont chiropractors are required to complete24 Hours of Chiropractic Continuing Educationevery two years. Chiropractic CE Registration & Questions: 2023 CCED Seminars | All Rights Reserved, Chiropractic Continuing Education Requirements. Commission Recognizes PACE NEW Waiver Information for Continuing Education Requirements: All Licensees, CCR SECTION 361 (e) CONTINUING EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS, 12 hours of Continuing Education is required forlicensees expiringbefore June 8,2013, 24 hours of Continuing Educationisrequired for licensees expiring on or after June 8, 2013, Continuing EducationPROVIDER Application, NOTE: YOU MUST BE AN APPROVED CONTINUING EDUCATION PROVIDER PRIOR TO SUBMITTING CONTINUING EDUCATION COURSE APPLICATIONS. A minimum of 30 hours must be in Type 1 CE (approved by the board, includes PACE) and a maximum of 30 hours in Type 2 CE (Not approved by the board). New York continuing chiropractic education requirements are subject to change. Publications, Help Searching New York Chiropractic Continuing Education requirements posted on this page are based upon the most up to date information available. For more information, visit the boards website at:https://www.chiro.ca.gov/, Licensees are required to complete15 hours of Chiropractic Continuing Educationevery year. Out of the 12 hours, no more than 2 hours can be in philosophy or practice management. Read "More education info" below. A maximum of 12 hours can be completed through distance learning. On March 30, 2020 Governor Newsom issued Executive Order N-39-20, authorizing the Director of the Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA) to waive any of the professional licensing requirements relating to healing arts licensees in Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, and any accompanying regulations. Continuing Chiropractic Education; Deleting a requirement that all chiropractic continuing education be completed in a classroom setting; prohibiting the Board of Chiropractic Medicine from limiting the number of hours of continuing education a chiropractic physician may complete through distance learning; authorizing the board to make exceptions to continuing education requirements during a declared state of emergency in this state; specifying who may teach board-approved continuing education courses, etc. CAs and DCs are required to maintain their own (CE)education records. Contact us any time with questions about a chiropractic CE course, assistance with your account, or course package. Therefore, New York chiropractic licensees are ultimately responsible for being up to date with the New York continuing education requirements. In order to renew an active license biennially, a practitioner shall attest to completion of at least 60 hours of continuing learning activities within the two years immediately preceding renewal as follows: 1. We customize our courses to meet the specific continuing education requirements of your state. also possess an acupuncture certificate: 12 Acupuncture hours. Companion bills that are substantially similar in text or have substantial portions of text that are largely the same. Your courses, once posted to the PACE catalog, will qualify for CE credit in Missouri - no extra steps needed! For more information, please visit the board website at:http://idph.iowa.gov/licensure/iowa-board-of-chiropractic, After one year, chiropractors must complete 50 hours (minimum of 20 hours in Cat l), after two years they must complete 100 hours (minimum of 40 hours in Cat l), and after 3 years, 150 hours (minimum of 60 hours in Cat l). Courses are facilitated by the Texas Chiropractic College Postgraduate Education Department, a CCE accredited College. For Chiropractors (DC) DC Board-mandated education for current license year DC First-year (in Oregon) DC Second-year (in Oregon) DC Regular active status DC Senior active status DC Inactive status Wilson, DC)Pediatrics 210: Pediatric Infant Nutrition (Heather Bryce, BSEE, MSEE, DC, BS, MBA)Pediatrics 211: Pediatric Manual Therapy for Toddlers (Heather Bryce, BSEE, MSEE, DC, BS, MBA)Radiology 201 Normal Variants of the Cervical Spine (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 202: Normal Variants of the Thoracic Spine (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 203: Joint Degeneration of the Spine and Extremities (Wesley Duval, DC, DACBR)Radiology 204: Normal Variants of the Lumbar Spine (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 205: Cervical Trauma (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 206: Thoracic & Lumbar Trauma (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 207: Introduction to Degenerative Disorders (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 208: Degenerative Conditions of the Pelvis and Leg (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 209: Degenerative & Miscellaneous Conditions of the Upper Extremity (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 210: Case Studies in Radiology (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 211: Rheumatoid Arthritis (Wesley Duval, DC, DACBR)Radiology 212: Case Studies in Radiology (Part II) (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 213: Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies (Wesley Duval, DC, DACBR)Radiology 214: Crystal Deposition Diseases (Wesley Duval, DC, DACBR)Radiology 216: Primary bone forming tumors (benign and aggressive) (Wesley Duval, DC, DACBR)Radiology 217: Case Studies in Radiology III (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Radiology 218: Pediatric Radiology (Sandra Norton DC, DACBR)Rehabilitation 201: Introduction to Rehabilitation (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Rehabilitation 202: Active Care I (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Rehabilitation 203: Integrating Active Rehab Into Your Practice (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Risk Management 201: Professional Boundaries (Monte Horne, DC)Sports Injuries 201: Foot Conditions; Diagnosis & Treatment (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 202: Lower leg conditions; Shin Splints, Achilles Tendonitis & Ankle (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 203: Knee Conditions (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 204: Traumatic Knee Conditions (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 205: Hamstring Injuries (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 206: Common Sports Injuries; The Shoulder (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 207: The Lower Extremities (Part I) (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 208: The Lower Extremities (Part II) (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 209: Sports Injuries of the Hip Region (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 210: Head & Neck Injuries in Sports (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 211: The Upper Extremities (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 212: Assessment and Treatment of Soft Tissue Injuries (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 213: The Hip II (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 214: Lower Extremity Osteoarthritis (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 215: The Hip (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 216: Lower Extremity Nerve Entrapment Conditions (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 217: Lumbar Spine Conditions (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 218: Nutritional Considerations in Sports (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 219: Strength Training Applications (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 220: Lumbar Spine Conditions (Part 2) (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 221: Senior Athletes (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 222: The Shoulder Revisited (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 223: Youth Athletes (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 224: The Sideline and Emergency Medicine (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 225: Concussion Update (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 226: Core Injuries (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 227: Core Training for Athletes (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 228: Spinal Training for Athletes (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 229: Lumbar Spine Conditions III (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 230: Emergency Procedures for the Sideline Physician (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 231: Thoracic Spine Conditions (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 232: Spinal Injuries in Sports (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 233: Ribcage Injuries (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 234: The Closed Kenetic Chain, Biomechanics & Sports (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 235: Lumbar Spine IIII - Joint Conditions (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 236: Traumatic Knee Conditions II - Examinations & Rehabilitation (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 237: Common Conditions Presented to the Sports Chiropractic Practice (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 238: Hamstrings II - Rehabilitation (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 239: Upper Extremity Nerve Entrapments I (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 240: Common Injuries of the Upper Extremity (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 241: Common Sports Injuries in the Chiropractic Practice - Concussion Update (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 242: Upper Extremity Nerve Entrapments #2 (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 243: Common Sports Injuries in the Chiropractic Practice - Lower Extremity (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 244: Cervical Spine: Disc Injuries (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 245: Sports Nutrition (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 246: Upper Extremity Entrapment Syndromes (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 247: The Hip Revisited (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Sports Injuries 248: Cervical Spine: Fractures (Donald Ozello, DC, CCN, CCSM)Sports Injuries 249: Conditions of the Foot, Ankle and Knee (Dennis O'Hara, DC, DACBSP)Whiplash 201: Introduction to Whiplash Associated Disorders (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Whiplash 202: Treatment Guidelines (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Whiplash 203: Treatment & Documentation (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Whiplash 204: Deposition & Trial Preparation (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO)Whiplash 205: Motorcycle Accidents (Steve Yeomans, DC FACO).